How to Care for Ducks and Ducklings

Saifullah Ashrafi
Read Time 5 Min

Raising ducks can be incredibly rewarding, whether you’re adding to an existing flock or just starting out.

Ducks are lovable, but caring is not a walk in the park

and their care can be a bit different from raising chickens or other livestocks.

If you’re thinking about bringing home ducklings or adult ducks,

this guide i will walk you through everything you need to know to ensure they thrive and how to care for ducks and ducklings properly.

Preparing the Brooder for Ducklings

When you first bring ducklings home, they’ll need a safe, warm place to grow. A brooder is essentially a small, protected enclosure where ducklings can stay warm and develop without the threat of predators.

Temperature Control

Ducklings need warmth, but not quite as much as chicks. Aim to keep the brooder around 85-90°F for the first week, lowering it by 5°F each week until they’re fully feathered at 4-6 weeks. Use a heat lamp hung securely above the brooder to maintain warmth.

Bedding

Use absorbent bedding like pine shavings or straw (never cedar, as it can harm their lungs). Ducklings are messier than chicks, especially with water, so be prepared to change their bedding frequently.

Setting Up Food and Water

Ducks, especially ducklings, have unique dietary needs. Start them off with a good-quality feed and be sure to adjust as they grow, so care for ducks and ducklings need to be maintained.

Food

For ducklings, a starter feed with at least 20% protein works well. Look for feeds labeled safe for ducks, as medicated chick feed isn’t recommended. You can transition to grower feed with about 16-18% protein once they’re a few weeks old.

Water

Ducklings need a constant supply of clean water. Since ducks splash, it’s best to use a waterer designed to minimize mess, or place a shallow dish they can dip their heads into without risk of drowning. Make sure the water is deep enough for them to submerge their bills, as this helps them clear their nostrils and keep their eyes clean.

Creating a Safe Outdoor Space

As ducklings grow, they’ll need more room to explore and exercise. Ducks are happiest with access to the outdoors, especially if you can provide them with a small pond or pool.

Fencing

Ducks need a secure, fenced area to roam during the day. Ducks aren’t great fliers, so a 3-foot fence is usually enough to keep them contained, but make sure it’s predator-proof to keep out raccoons, foxes, and other threats.

Shelter

Ducks will also need a secure shelter to protect them at night. A simple duck house with ventilation and weather protection works well. Unlike chickens, ducks don’t need roosts, but they do need a dry, draft-free area where they can bed down safely.

Introducing Water Play

Ducks and ducklings love water, and it’s essential for their well-being. Swimming not only gives them joy, but it’s also necessary for healthy preening and feather care.

Water Source

A small kiddie pool or a low trough can work great for swimming. However, wait until your ducklings are about 3-4 weeks old before introducing them to swimming, as they don’t have the same waterproofing that adult ducks do. Always supervise ducklings during swim time, especially if the water is deep.

Cleaning

Ducks can get pretty messy with their water, so plan to clean their swimming area frequently. Also, make sure the swimming area has an easy exit to prevent ducklings from tiring out.

Feeding Adult Ducks

When your ducks reach about 18-20 weeks of age, they’ll be ready to start laying eggs. At this stage, it’s essential to adjust their diet to meet their new nutritional needs.

Layer Feed

Transition to a layer feed with around 16% protein, which will provide the right balance of calcium and nutrients for egg production. If you have both males and females, you can offer a standard feed and provide calcium supplements (like crushed oyster shells) on the side.

Treats and Snacks

Ducks love greens, peas, and corn as occasional treats. However, treats should be given in moderation to avoid disrupting their balanced diet.

Managing Health and Hygiene

Ducks are generally hardy, but it’s still essential to monitor their health and keep their living area clean. It’s important to care for ducks and ducklings in this regard.

Foot Health

Ducks are prone to a condition called “bumblefoot” if they spend too much time on rough or unsanitary surfaces. Make sure their area is kept clean and dry, and provide soft, stable surfaces to prevent injuries.

Feather Health

Preening is important for maintaining waterproof feathers, so access to water is crucial. Ducks will groom themselves to keep their feathers in top shape, but you can help by keeping their water fresh and their area clean.

Common Issues

Watch for signs of respiratory issues (like wheezing) or nutritional deficiencies (such as soft shells in eggs). Duck-safe grit and oyster shells can help supplement their diet for better health.

Understanding Duck Behavior

Ducks are social animals with their own personalities and routines. You’ll find they often prefer the company of their own kind, so plan to keep at least two ducks.

Bonding

Ducks can bond with their caretakers, especially if handled gently and frequently when young. They may even follow you around the yard and come to recognize your voice.

Social Dynamics

Ducks establish a pecking order, so occasionally, you may notice some squabbles, especially if you have drakes (males) in the group. Keep an eye on any aggression, and make sure each duck has enough space to feel secure.

Preparing for Weather Changes

Ducks are adaptable, but they still need protection from extreme weather.

Cold Weather

Ducks are generally more cold-hardy than chickens. They can handle freezing temperatures as long as they have a dry, wind-protected area. Straw bedding helps them stay warm, and you should ensure their water doesn’t freeze over.

Hot Weather

In hot climates, it’s crucial to provide plenty of shade and fresh water. Ducks are at risk of overheating, so give them access to a shaded pool or sprinkler, and check on them frequently during heat waves.

Egg Collection and Care

Ducks typically lay eggs in the morning, so a routine check for eggs each day will help keep them clean and fresh. Duck eggs are slightly larger and richer than chicken eggs, and they’re wonderful for baking. Gently wash them before use and refrigerate to maintain freshness.

Enjoying Life with Ducks

Raising ducks can be so fulfilling. These birds are playful, social, and fun to watch as they waddle and swim around the yard. Ducks offer companionship, fresh eggs, and entertainment in one feathery package. Plus, they’re fantastic at foraging and pest control, making them an excellent addition to any backyard or homestead.

By knowing how to care for ducks and ducklings and providing them with a safe environment, proper food and water, and the chance to splash and play, you’re setting yourself up for a rewarding experience with these beautiful birds.